Tong added that delegates should be well-versed in topic-specific terms such as "accountability vacuum" and "meaningful human control" when discussing artificial intelligence and security issues.

"Only by mastering these concepts can you engage in serious debate," she said.

Wu Zishuo, a postgraduate student majoring in interpreting at Shenzhen University in Guangdong province, described his first Model UN as "an academic feast".

What impressed him most was the diversity of participants.

"Students from different universities and disciplines each brought unique strengths," he said. "Law students cited clauses from the UN Charter to support their arguments, language majors polished the English in draft resolutions, and others excelled in negotiation. It was truly an inspiring exchange of ideas across fields."

Wu admitted that the preparation process was demanding but rewarding. "As a second-year postgraduate about to start my thesis and apply for doctoral programs, balancing research with Model UN work was challenging, and I almost gave up," he said. "But the intensive research and drafting experience greatly improved my academic and analytical skills."